Casa's Lopp warns Bitcoin Q-Day preparations are running late despite quantum hardware gaps

Casa security chief Jameson Lopp says a quantum computer capable of breaking Bitcoin is orders of magnitude away, yet warns preparations are already late. About 2.6 million BTC, worth roughly $207 billion, sit in vulnerable addresses that may never migrate to quantum-safe cryptography. While Google's Willow chip runs on 105 qubits -- far below the estimated 500,000 needed to crack Bitcoin's signatures -- Lopp cautions that AI-driven breakthroughs could accelerate quantum research. Migration itself is slow, with Chaincode Labs estimating a full upgrade could take five to 15 years.